"# \u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u8baf\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\u5206\u6790\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\n\n> 2022-11-18 | 2026-07-01\n> https:\/\/www.modbus.cn\/en\/11120.html\n\n**Modbus\u6280\u672f\u6587\u6863**\n\n---\n\n\u6765\u6e90\uff1aModbus\u4e2d\u6587\u7f51\uff08modbus.cn\uff09 \u2014\u2014 \u56fd\u5185\u9886\u5148\u7684Modbus\u901a\u4fe1\u534f\u8bae\u6280\u672f\u793e\u533a\n\n\u672c\u6587\uff1a\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u6545\u969c\u6392\u67e5\uff1a\u4ece\u7535\u5e73\u5230\u534f\u8bae\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u624b\u518c \u00b7 \u4f5c\u8005\uff1amodbus\u6280\u672f\u56e2\u961f \u00b7 \u53d1\u5e03\u4e8e 2026-07-01\n\n\u6458\u8981\uff1a\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u4e0d\u901a\u3001\u4e71\u7801\u3001\u65f6\u65ad\u65f6\u7eed\uff1f\u672c\u6587\u662f\u4e00\u4efd\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u6392\u969c\u624b\u518c\uff0c\u8986\u76d6 RS-232\/RS-485\/RS-422 \u4e09\u79cd\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u7684\u63a5\u7ebf\u68c0\u67e5\u3001\u7535\u6c14\u5c42\u8bca\u65ad\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5339\u914d\u548c\u5e38\u89c1\u6545\u969c\u573a\u666f\uff0c\u9644\u771f\u5b9e\u6ce2\u5f62\u5206\u6790\u548c\u5de5\u5177\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u6545\u969c\u3001RS-485 \u6392\u969c\u3001\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u3001\u5171\u5730\u95ee\u9898\u3001USB\u8f6cTTL\u8c03\u8bd5\u3002\n\n\u5728\u5de5\u4e1a\u73b0\u573a\u8c03\u8bd5\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u4f53\u9a8c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u90fd\u61c2\uff1a\u660e\u660e\u63a5\u7ebf\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u6ca1\u8bbe\u9519\uff0c\u8bbe\u5907\u5c31\u662f\u4e0d\u56de\u6570\u636e\u3002\u67e5\u4e86\u534a\u5929\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\u662f GND \u6ca1\u63a5\u2014\u2014\u6216\u8005\u63a5\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u548c\u9694\u58c1\u53d8\u9891\u5668\u7684 GND \u5171\u6a21\u5e72\u6270\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u628a\u4fe1\u53f7\u6df9\u4e86\u3002\n\n\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u6839\u56e0\u4e4b\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u6bd4 Modbus \u66f4\u751a\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u4e0d\u5173\u5fc3\u534f\u8bae\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u628a\u4f4d\u4f20\u8fc7\u53bb\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u300c\u4f20\u4e0d\u8fc7\u53bb\u300d\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u4e00\u8def\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u4e0a\u4f4d\u673a\u9a71\u52a8\u3002\n\n\u8fd9\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u6309\u300c\u7269\u7406\u63a5\u7ebf \u2192 \u7535\u6c14\u5c42 \u2192 \u53c2\u6570\u5339\u914d \u2192 \u5de5\u5177\u94fe \u2192 \u5e38\u89c1\u6545\u969c\u573a\u666f\u300d\u7684\u987a\u5e8f\u5c55\u5f00\u3002\u4f60\u4ece\u5934\u5230\u5c3e\u67e5\u4e00\u904d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0b\u5348\u8db3\u591f\u5b9a\u4f4d\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u6545\u969c\u3002\n\n## \u4e00\u3001\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff1a\u4e09\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u5c42\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u903b\u8f91\u5c42\n\n\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u73b0\u573a\u5176\u5b9e\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u4e09\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8bf4\u300c\u4e32\u53e3\u4e0d\u901a\u300d\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u6ca1\u6709\u533a\u5206 RS-232\u3001RS-485\u3001RS-422\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6545\u969c\u8868\u73b0\u548c\u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u5dee\u5f02\u5f88\u5927\u3002\n\n**RS-232**\uff1a\u4e09\u6839\u7ebf\uff0cRX\u3001TX\u3001GND\u3002\u70b9\u5bf9\u70b9\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u3002\u7535\u5e73\u662f \u00b13V~\u00b115V\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6 TX \u548c RX \u90fd\u4fdd\u6301\u8d1f\u7535\u538b\uff08\u903b\u8f91 1\uff09\u3002\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u7ea6\u675f\u662f\u8ddd\u79bb\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u52a0\u9a71\u52a8\u5668\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c15 \u7c73\u4ee5\u5185\u3002\u8d85\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u6ce2\u5f62\u5c31\u9661\u4e86\u3002\n\n**RS-485**\uff1a\u4e24\u6839\u7ebf\uff0cA \u548c B\uff08\u4e5f\u53eb + \u548c -\uff09\u3002\u5dee\u5206\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u3002\u603b\u7ebf\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u6302\u591a\u8fbe 32 \u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\uff08\u7528\u4e2d\u7ee7\u5668\u80fd\u5230 256 \u4e2a\uff09\u3002\u8ddd\u79bb\u6700\u957f\u7ea6 1200 \u7c73\uff0c\u4f46\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u8ddd\u79bb\u8d8a\u77ed\u2014\u2014115200bps \u65f6\u5b9e\u9645\u80fd\u7528\u7684\u5927\u6982\u53ea\u6709 100 \u6765\u7c73\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ea6\u675f\u5728\u73b0\u573a\u7ecf\u5e38\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\n\n**RS-422**\uff1a\u56db\u6839\u7ebf\uff0cRX+\u3001RX-\u3001TX+\u3001TX-\u3002\u5168\u53cc\u5de5\u5dee\u5206\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u662f RS-485 \u7684\u300c\u6536\u3001\u53d1\u5404\u4e00\u5bf9\u300d\u3002\u4e5f\u5e38\u88ab\u6807\u6ce8\u4e3a 485-4\uff08485-2 \u6307\u4e24\u7ebf\u7684 RS-485\uff09\u3002\u4e0e RS-485 \u76f8\u6bd4\u6700\u5927\u7684\u533a\u522b\uff1aRS-422 \u53ea\u80fd\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u9001\u5668\u63a5\u591a\u4e2a\u63a5\u6536\u5668\uff0c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u591a\u4e2a\u53d1\u9001\u5668\u3002\n\n![RS-422 \u63a5\u53e3\u8fde\u63a5\u793a\u610f\u56fe](https:\/\/image.modbus.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/2022111807170719-950x492.png)\n\n\u8fd9\u4e09\u4e2a\u7269\u7406\u5c42\u7684\u6545\u969c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5206\u522b\u770b\u4e0b\u9762\u51e0\u8282\u3002\n\n## \u4e8c\u3001\u8c03\u8bd5\u524d\u7684\u81ea\u68c0\uff1a\u4f60\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u672c\u8eab\u6709\u6ca1\u6709\u95ee\u9898\n\n\u6392\u4e32\u53e3\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u662f\u2014\u2014\u4f60\u7528\u6765\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u5de5\u5177\u672c\u8eab\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u574f\u7684\u3002\n\n### 2.1 USB \u8f6c TTL \u6a21\u5757\u81ea\u68c0\n\n\u628a\u4f60\u7684 USB \u8f6c TTL \u6a21\u5757\u7684 TX \u548c RX \u7528\u675c\u90a6\u7ebf\u76f4\u63a5\u77ed\u63a5\u3002\u6253\u5f00\u4e32\u53e3\u52a9\u624b\uff08\u63a8\u8350 SSCOM \u6216 AccessPort\uff09\uff0c\u8bbe\u597d\u548c\u4f60\u5373\u5c06\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u2014\u2014\u6ce2\u7279\u7387 9600\u30018 \u6570\u636e\u4f4d\u30011 \u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u3001\u65e0\u6821\u9a8c\u3002\u968f\u4fbf\u53d1\u4e00\u4e32\u6570\u636e\uff08\u5efa\u8bae\u7528\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u53d1 `01 03 00 00 00 01` \u8fd9\u79cd\u5e26\u53ef\u53d8\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u5e27\uff09\uff0c\u770b\u63a5\u6536\u533a\u662f\u5426\u539f\u6837\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\n\n**\u6ce8\u610f**\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\u770b\u3002ASCII \u6a21\u5f0f\u663e\u793a\u65f6\uff0c`0x00`\u3001`0x0A`\u3001`0x0D` \u8fd9\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u5b57\u7b26\u4f1a\u88ab\u5403\u6389\uff0c\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u300c\u56de\u4e86\u300d\u4f46\u5176\u5b9e\u5c11\u5b57\u8282\u4e86\u3002\n\n\u5982\u679c\u77ed\u63a5\u540e\u6536\u53d1\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u6362\u4e00\u6839 USB \u6570\u636e\u7ebf\u518d\u8bd5\u2014\u2014\u6709\u4e9b\u5145\u7535\u7ebf\u6ca1\u6709\u6570\u636e\u901a\u9053\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0a\u53bb\u706f\u4eae\u4e86\u4f46\u4e0d\u4f20\u6570\u3002\u522b\u7b11\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u3002\n\n### 2.2 \u4e32\u53e3\u52a9\u624b\u786e\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570\u771f\u7684\u751f\u6548\u4e86\n\n\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e3a\u5728\u4e32\u53e3\u52a9\u624b\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u9009\u4e86\u300c9600,8,N,1\u300d\u5c31\u771f\u7684\u662f 9600 \u4e86\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u53d1\u751f\u8fc7\uff1a\u4e32\u53e3\u52a9\u624b\u754c\u9762\u663e\u793a 9600\uff0c\u4f46\u5e95\u5c42 Windows \u9a71\u52a8\u5b9e\u9645\u6253\u5f00\u7684\u662f 115200\u2014\u2014\u56e0\u4e3a\u63d2\u62d4 USB \u65f6\u4e32\u53e3\u53f7\u53d8\u4e86\uff0c\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7528\u4e86\u65e7\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u6700\u7a33\u59a5\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff0c\u5148\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u6293\u4e00\u4e0b\u4f60\u53d1\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u4f4d\u5bbd\u662f\u4e0d\u662f 1\/9600 \u2248 104\u00b5s\u3002\n\n\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4eea\uff0c\u81f3\u5c11\u7528\u53e6\u4e00\u53f0\u786e\u8ba4\u6b63\u5e38\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5f53\u524d\u4e32\u53e3\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u6709\u6548\u3002\n\n## \u4e09\u3001\u7269\u7406\u63a5\u7ebf\u68c0\u67e5\uff1a\u4e5d\u6210\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u51fa\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u5c42\n\n### 3.1 \u5171\u5730\u2014\u2014\u6700\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u6839\u7ebf\n\nRS-232 \u901a\u4fe1\u5fc5\u987b\u5171\u5730\u3002GND \u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a 0 \u7535\u5e73\u53c2\u8003\u57fa\u51c6\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684 GND \u6ca1\u6709\u8fde\u901a\uff0cTX \u4e0a\u7684 \u00b112V \u4fe1\u53f7\u98d8\u5728\u5bf9\u7aef\u770b\u6765\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u610f\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u8003\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u5224\u65ad\u7535\u5e73\u9ad8\u4f4e\u3002\n\n\u5b9e\u9645\u6392\u67e5\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u4e07\u7528\u8868\u6253\u5230\u8702\u9e23\u6863\uff0c\u4e00\u5934\u70b9 A \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 GND \u811a\uff0c\u4e00\u5934\u70b9 B \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 GND \u811a\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u5bfc\u901a\u3002\u540c\u65f6\u6253\u5230 DC \u7535\u538b\u6863\uff0c\u6d4b\u4e24\u7aef GND \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7535\u538b\u5dee\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8d85\u8fc7 \u00b13V\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4f60\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u6709\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u63a5\u5730\u95ee\u9898\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5373\u4f7f\u63a5\u4e86 GND\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u4e5f\u662f\u6296\u7684\u3002\n\nRS-485 \u5728\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u5171\u5730\u7ebf\u3002\u5dee\u5206\u4fe1\u53f7\u53ea\u770b A\/B \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7535\u538b\u5dee\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u53c2\u8003 GND\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u2014\u2014\u5f53\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684 GND \u4e4b\u95f4\u5171\u6a21\u7535\u538b\u8d85\u8fc7 RS-485 \u6536\u53d1\u5668\u7684\u5171\u6a21\u8f93\u5165\u8303\u56f4\uff08\u901a\u5e38 -7V ~ +12V\uff09\uff0c\u901a\u4fe1\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u5de5\u4e1a\u73b0\u573a\u7684 RS-485 \u603b\u7ebf\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u8fd8\u662f\u63a5\u4e00\u6761\u5f31 GND \u53c2\u8003\u7ebf\uff08\u4e00\u7aef\u63a5\u5730\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u901a\u8fc7 100\u03a9 \u7535\u963b + 0.1\u00b5F \u7535\u5bb9\u5e76\u8054\u63a5 GND\uff09\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u5171\u6a21\u7535\u538b\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e0d\u5f62\u6210\u63a5\u5730\u73af\u8def\u3002\n\n### 3.2 RX\/TX \u4ea4\u53c9\u2014\u2014\u5bf9\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\n\nRS-232 \u7684\u89c4\u5219\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\u4f46\u603b\u6709\u4eba\u63a5\u9519\uff1aA \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 TX \u63a5 B \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 RX\uff0cA \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 RX \u63a5 B \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 TX\u3002\n\n\u786e\u8ba4\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u7528\u4e07\u7528\u8868\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u6863\u6d4b USB \u8f6c TTL \u6a21\u5757\u7684 TX \u811a\u2014\u2014\u5728\u7a7a\u95f2\u72b6\u6001\u4e0b TX \u5e94\u8be5\u8f93\u51fa\u8d1f\u7535\u538b\uff08\u7ea6 -5V \u5230 -12V \u8303\u56f4\uff09\uff0c\u800c RX \u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u662f\u9ad8\u963b\u6001\uff08\u7535\u538b\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6d4b\u5230 RX \u4e0a\u6709\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u8d1f\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u628a RX \u548c TX \u641e\u53cd\u4e86\u3002\n\n### 3.3 RS-485 \u7684 A\/B \u7ebf\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u540c\u5382\u5546\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u6807\u8bb0\n\nRS-485 \u7684 A\/B \u7ebf\u6807\u8bb0\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u5382\u5546\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a\u6ca1\u6709\u7edf\u4e00\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u9047\u5230\uff1a\n\n\u8bbe\u5907\u6807\u6ce8\u9ad8\u7535\u5e73\uff08\u903b\u8f911\uff09\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6781\u6027\u5b9e\u9645\u505a\u6cd5A \/ BA \u4e3a\u6b63, B \u4e3a\u8d1fA \u63a5\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u8bbe\u5907\u7684 A, B \u63a5 B+ \/ -+ \u4e3a\u6b63, - \u4e3a\u8d1f+ \u63a5 B, - \u63a5 A\uff08\u53cd\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u4f46\u5382\u5546\u5c31\u8fd9\u4e48\u6807\u7684\uff09D+ \/ D-D+ \u4e3a\u9ad8D+ \u63a5 A, D- \u63a5 B485-A \/ 485-BA \u4e3a\u9ad8A \u63a5 A, B \u63a5 B\n\n**\u6240\u4ee5\u6700\u9760\u8c31\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u662f\u770b\u6807\u8bb0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u67e5\u82af\u7247\u624b\u518c\u3002** \u627e\u5230\u4f60\u8bbe\u5907\u4e0a RS-485 \u6536\u53d1\u5668\u82af\u7247\u7684\u578b\u53f7\uff08\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6709 MAX485\u3001SP3485\u3001SN65HVD08 \u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u67e5 Datasheet\u2014\u2014DI \u5bf9\u5e94\u53d1\u9001\u8f93\u5165\uff0cRO \u5bf9\u5e94\u63a5\u6536\u8f93\u51fa\uff0cDE\/RE \u662f\u6536\u53d1\u4f7f\u80fd\u3002A \u811a\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u5668\u7684\u540c\u76f8\u8f93\u5165\u7aef\uff08Non-inverting\uff09\uff0cB \u811a\u662f\u53cd\u76f8\u8f93\u5165\u7aef\uff08Inverting\uff09\u3002\u540c\u76f8\u63a5\u540c\u76f8\u3001\u53cd\u76f8\u63a5\u53cd\u76f8\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679c\u63a5\u4e86\u4e0d\u901a\uff0c\u628a A \u548c B \u4ea4\u6362\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u7b11\u8bdd\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5728\u73b0\u573a\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6392\u969c\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\n\n### 3.4 RS-422 \u7684\u56db\u7ebf\u63a5\u7ebf\n\nRS-422 \u628a RS-232 \u7684 RX \u62c6\u6210 RX+ \u548c RX-\uff0c\u628a TX \u62c6\u6210 TX+ \u548c TX-\u3002\u63a5\u7ebf\u89c4\u5219\uff1a\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u7684 TX+ \u63a5\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u7684 RX+\uff0c\u53d1\u9001\u7aef\u7684 TX- \u63a5\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u7684 RX-\u3002\n\n![RS-422 \u53d1\u9001\u4e0e RS-232 \u63a5\u6536\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u8fde\u63a5](https:\/\/image.modbus.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/2022111807190711.png)\n\n**\u8de8\u534f\u8bae\u5e94\u6025\u8fde\u63a5**\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7684\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u662f RS-232\uff0c\u4f20\u611f\u5668\u662f RS-422\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8f6c\u6362\u5668\uff0c\u5728 5 \u7c73\u4ee5\u5185\u7684\u77ed\u8ddd\u79bb\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c1d\u8bd5\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e94\u6025\u65b9\u6848\uff08\u4e0d\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7a33\u5b9a\uff0c\u4ec5\u9650\u8c03\u8bd5\uff09\uff1a\n\n- 422 \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 TX+ \u63a5 232 \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 RX- 422 \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 TX- \u63a5 232 \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 GND- 422 \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 RX+ \u63a5 232 \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 TX- 422 \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 RX- \u63a5 232 \u8bbe\u5907\u7684 GND\n\n\u539f\u7406\u662f 422 \u7684\u5dee\u5206\u4fe1\u53f7\u5728\u77ed\u8ddd\u79bb\u5185\uff0c\u5355\u7aef\u5bf9 GND \u7684\u6446\u5e45\u8db3\u4ee5\u8ba9 232 \u8bc6\u522b\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u7528\u6cd5\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0d\u7528\u5c31\u4e0d\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u4ea7\u7ebf\u957f\u671f\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u4e70\u4e2a RS-232 \u8f6c RS-422 \u8f6c\u6362\u5668\uff0c\u51e0\u5341\u5757\u94b1\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\n\n## \u56db\u3001\u7535\u6c14\u5c42\u8bca\u65ad\uff1a\u5f53\u4e07\u7528\u8868\u4e0d\u591f\u7528\u4e86\n\n\u7269\u7406\u63a5\u7ebf\u67e5\u5b8c\u4e86\uff0c\u7ebf\u662f\u901a\u7684\u5bf9\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6570\u636e\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u65f6\u5019\u5c31\u5f97\u770b\u7535\u6c14\u5c42\u4e86\u3002\n\n### 4.1 \u7528\u793a\u6ce2\u5668\u770b RS-232 \u6ce2\u5f62\n\n\u793a\u6ce2\u5668\u63a2\u5934\u5939 GND\uff0c\u63a2\u9488\u642d TX \u811a\u3002RS-232 \u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u662f\u8d1f\u7535\u538b\uff08-5V ~ -12V\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u5f00\u59cb\u53d1\u9001\u6570\u636e\u65f6\uff0c\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u662f\u6b63\u7535\u538b\uff08+5V ~ +12V\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u903b\u8f91 0\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u662f 8 \u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u4f4d\uff08\u4f4e\u4f4d\u5148\u53d1\uff09\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u662f\u6821\u9a8c\u4f4d\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6709\uff09\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u56de\u5230\u8d1f\u7535\u538b\uff08\u903b\u8f91 1\uff09\u3002\n\n\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u6ce2\u5f62\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u65b9\u65b9\u6b63\u6b63\u7684\u2014\u2014\u4e0a\u5347\u6cbf\u548c\u4e0b\u964d\u6cbf\u90fd\u5e72\u8106\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u770b\u5230\u65b9\u6ce2\u7684\u89d2\u662f\u5706\u7684\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u7535\u5e73\u5e45\u503c\u4e25\u91cd\u4e0d\u8db3\uff08\u5e94\u8be5\u662f \u00b18V \u5de6\u53f3\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u53ea\u6709 \u00b12V\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u662f\u9a71\u52a8\u82af\u7247\u8001\u5316\u4e86\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4f60\u7684 USB \u8f6c 232 \u6a21\u5757\u4f9b\u7535\u4e0d\u8db3\u3002\n\n**\u516c\u5f0f**\uff1a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4 = 1 \/ \u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u30029600bps \u65f6\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7ea6 104\u00b5s\uff1b115200bps \u65f6\u7ea6 8.68\u00b5s\u3002\u7528\u793a\u6ce2\u5668\u5149\u6807\u91cf\u4e00\u4e0b\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7684\u5bbd\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u660e\u663e\u504f\u79bb\u9884\u671f\u503c\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9519\u4e86\u3002\n\n### 4.2 \u7528\u5dee\u5206\u63a2\u5934\u770b RS-485 \u7684 A\/B \u6ce2\u5f62\n\nRS-485 \u7684\u5dee\u5206\u7535\u538b = V_A - V_B\u3002\u53d1\u9001\u903b\u8f91 1 \u65f6\uff0cV_A > V_B\uff08\u5dee\u5206\u7535\u538b \u2265 +1.5V\uff09\uff1b\u53d1\u9001\u903b\u8f91 0 \u65f6\uff0cV_A < V_B\uff08\u5dee\u5206\u7535\u538b \u2264 -1.5V\uff09\u3002\n\n\u4f46\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u7528\u7684\u8bca\u65ad\u5728**\u603b\u7ebf\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6**\u3002RS-485 \u603b\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u53d1\u9001\u5668\u90fd\u5173\u95ed\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0cA\/B \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u5206\u7535\u538b\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u504f\u7f6e\u7535\u963b\uff08Fail-Safe Bias\uff09\u7ef4\u6301\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u7a7a\u95f2\u7535\u5e73\uff08\u901a\u5e38 \u2265 +200mV\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u63a5\u6536\u5668\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5728 0V \u9644\u8fd1\u632f\u8361\uff09\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7528\u4e07\u7528\u8868 DC \u6863\u6d4b A\/B \u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u7535\u538b\uff0c\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u8bfb\u6570\u63a5\u8fd1 0V\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u63a5\u6536\u5668\u8f93\u51fa\u662f\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u2014\u2014\u901a\u4fe1\u8981\u4e48\u65f6\u65ad\u65f6\u7eed\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u5168\u662f 0xFF\u3002\n\n\u504f\u7f6e\u7535\u963b\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u503c\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u8282\u70b9\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u7ec8\u7aef\u7535\u963b\uff1a\n\n- \u7ec8\u7aef\u7535\u963b Rt \u901a\u5e38\u4e3a 120\u03a9\uff0c\u4e24\u7aef\u5404\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u7b49\u6548\u5e76\u8054\u540e Rt_eq = 60\u03a9- \u9700\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0a\u62c9\u7535\u963b\uff08B \u5230 VCC\uff09\u548c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0b\u62c9\u7535\u963b\uff08A \u5230 GND\uff09\uff0c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6 V_AB \u2265 200mV- \u4ee5 VCC=5V \u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4e0a\u62c9\/\u4e0b\u62c9\u7535\u963b \u2248 (VCC - 0.2V) * Rt_eq \/ (2 * 0.2V) \u2248 720\u03a9\u3002\u5b9e\u9645\u9009 680\u03a9 \u6216 560\u03a9\u3002\n\n\u504f\u7f6e\u7535\u963b\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u5728\u603b\u7ebf\u4e0a\u6709\u4e00\u7ec4\u5c31\u591f\u4e86\uff08\u4e00\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u90fd\u710a\u3002\n\n### 4.3 \u7ec8\u7aef\u7535\u963b\u2014\u2014\u4ec0\u4e48\u65f6\u5019\u63a5\u3001\u63a5\u5728\u54ea\n\n\u7ec8\u7aef\u7535\u963b 120\u03a9 \u5fc5\u987b\u63a5\u5728\u603b\u7ebf\u7684**\u7269\u7406\u4e24\u7aef**\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u6d88\u9664\u4fe1\u53f7\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4ece\u7ad9\u90fd\u63a5\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679c\u4e94\u4e2a\u4ece\u7ad9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u90fd\u710a\u4e0a\u4e86 120\u03a9\uff0c\u7b49\u6548\u5e76\u8054\u540e\u53ea\u6709 24\u03a9\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u628a RS-485 \u9a71\u52a8\u82af\u7247\u62c9\u6b7b\u3002\n\n\u4f7f\u7528\u573a\u666f\u5224\u65ad\uff1a\n\n- \u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u4f4e\u4e8e 19200 \u4e14\u603b\u7ebf\u957f\u5ea6\u77ed\u4e8e 50 \u7c73\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u63a5\u7ec8\u7aef\u7535\u963b\u901a\u5e38\u4e5f\u80fd\u7528- \u6ce2\u7279\u7387 115200 \u6216\u8ddd\u79bb\u8d85\u8fc7 200 \u7c73\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u63a5- \u5982\u679c\u662f\u661f\u5f62\u62d3\u6251\uff08\u8bbe\u5907\u7684 A\/B \u7ebf\u4ece\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5206\u51fa\u53bb\u591a\u4e2a\u652f\u7ebf\uff09\uff0c\u7ec8\u7aef\u7535\u963b\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5f88\u96be\u786e\u5b9a\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u79cd\u62d3\u6251\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u4e0d\u9002\u5408 RS-485\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a 485 \u96c6\u7ebf\u5668\n\n## \u4e94\u3001\u53c2\u6570\u5339\u914d\uff1a\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4f4d\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u3001\u6821\u9a8c\u4f4d\n\n\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u7684\u4e94\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u3001\u6570\u636e\u4f4d\u3001\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u3001\u6821\u9a8c\u4f4d\u3001\u6d41\u63a7\uff09\u5fc5\u987b\u4e24\u7aef\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5e38\u8bc6\u2014\u2014\u4f46\u4e5f\u662f\u51fa\u9519\u7387\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u4e00\u73af\u3002\n\n### 5.1 \u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u65f6\u7684\u6ce2\u5f62\u7279\u5f81\n\n\u901a\u4fe1\u65f6\u53cc\u65b9\u90fd\u8981\u8bc6\u522b\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u7a7a\u95f2\uff08\u9ad8\u7535\u5e73\uff09\u8df3\u5230\u4f4e\u7535\u5e73\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u4e0b\u964d\u6cbf\u3002**\u5982\u679c\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u4f1a\u5728\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u65f6\u523b\u91c7\u6837\uff0c\u8bfb\u5230\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u4e71\u7801\u3002**\n\n![\u6536\u53d1\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u4e00\u81f4\u65f6\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u65f6\u5e8f](https:\/\/image.modbus.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/2022111807205796.gif)\n\n\u7528\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u6570\u503c\u6765\u8bf4\u660e\uff1aA \u8bbe\u5907 9600bps\uff0cB \u8bbe\u5907 921600bps\u3002B \u5411 A \u53d1\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff081 \u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d + 8 \u6570\u636e\u4f4d + 1 \u505c\u6b62\u4f4d = 10 \u4f4d\uff09\uff0cB \u4fa7\u8017\u65f6 = 10 \/ 921600 \u2248 10.8\u00b5s\u3002A \u4fa7\u63a5\u6536\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u7684\u65f6\u95f4 = 10 \/ 9600 \u2248 1.04ms\u3002A \u5728 1.04ms \u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u91cc\u770b\u5230\u53ea\u6709 10.8\u00b5s \u7684\u4f4e\u7535\u5e73\u8109\u51b2\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u88ab\u5f53\u6210\u566a\u58f0\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\uff0cA \u538b\u6839\u4e0d\u8ba4\u4e3a\u300c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5e27\u5f00\u59cb\u4f20\u8f93\u4e86\u300d\u3002\n\n![\u6536\u53d1\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u65f6\u7684\u65f6\u5e8f\u5bf9\u6bd4](https:\/\/image.modbus.cn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/11\/2022111807214131.gif)\n\n\u53cd\u8fc7\u6765\uff0c\u4f4e\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u5411\u9ad8\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u53d1\u9001\uff1aA\uff089600bps\uff09\u53d1\u4e00\u5e27\u9700\u8981 1.04ms\uff0cB\uff08921600bps\uff09\u5728 10.8\u00b5s \u7684\u7a97\u53e3\u91cc\u53ea\u91c7\u5230\u4e86\u7b2c 1 \u4f4d\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u6cbf\uff0c\u540e\u9762 9 \u4f4d\u7684\u91c7\u6837\u70b9\u5168\u662f\u9519\u7684\u2014\u2014\u7ed3\u679c\u5c31\u662f\u4e71\u7801\u3002\n\n**\u6240\u4ee5\u300c\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\u300d\u7684\u6545\u969c\u73b0\u8c61\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u901a\u4fe1\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u300c\u901a\u4fe1\u4e86\u4f46\u6570\u636e\u5168\u662f\u4e71\u7684\u300d\u3002** \u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u63a5\u7ebf\u5bf9\u4e86\u5c31\u4e0d\u8be5\u6709\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u53c2\u6570\u8d8a\u7ea7\u3002\n\n### 5.2 \u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u548c\u6821\u9a8c\u4f4d\n\n\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5e27\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u95f4\u9694\u3002\u591a\u6570\u8bbe\u5907\u7528 1 \u4e2a\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u4e9b\u8001\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f 80 \u5e74\u4ee3\u7684\u5de5\u63a7\u8bbe\u5907\uff09\u8981\u6c42 2 \u4e2a\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u90a3\u65f6\u7684\u5904\u7406\u5668\u6765\u4e0d\u53ca\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u63a5\u6536\u4e0b\u4e00\u5e27\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7528\u7684\u662f 1 \u4e2a\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u53bb\u548c 2 \u4e2a\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u53d1\u5927\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u4f1a\u4e22\u5e27\u2014\u2014\u4e0d\u662f\u4e22\u4e86\u4e2d\u95f4\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u63a5\u6536\u7aef\u8fd8\u6ca1\u51c6\u5907\u597d\u4e0b\u4e00\u5e27\u5c31\u5230\u4e86\u3002\n\n\u6821\u9a8c\u4f4d\uff08None \/ Odd \/ Even\uff09\u4e5f\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u8bbe\u9519\u3002\u66f4\u5751\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u4e32\u53e3\u52a9\u624b\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u5947\u5076\u6821\u9a8c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0d\u751f\u6548\u2014\u2014\u754c\u9762\u4e0a\u9009\u4e86 Even Parity\uff0c\u4f46\u5e95\u5c42\u5b9e\u9645\u6ca1\u5f00\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f60\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u76f8\u4fe1\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u754c\u9762\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u8981\u7528\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u53bb\u5b9e\u6d4b\u4e00\u5e27\u7684\u4f4d\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\n\n## \u516d\u3001\u5b9e\u9645\u6545\u969c\u573a\u666f\u53ca\u89e3\u51b3\n\n### \u573a\u666f\u4e00\uff1a\u7535\u8111 USB \u8f6c\u4e32\u53e3\u80fd\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u6362 HMI \u5c4f\u5c31\u4e0d\u884c\n\n\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u975e\u5e38\u5e38\u89c1\uff0c\u539f\u56e0\u57fa\u672c\u5f52\u7ed3\u4e3a\uff1a\n\n- **\u7535\u8111\u7684 USB \u8f6c\u4e32\u53e3\u6a21\u5757\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6d41\u63a7\u5f15\u811a\u88ab\u62c9\u9ad8\u4e86\u3002** \u5f88\u591a USB \u8f6c TTL \u6a21\u5757\u5185\u7f6e\u4e86 RTS\/DTR \u4fe1\u53f7\u81ea\u52a8\u7ba1\u7406\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u5907\u5728\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u4e4b\u5916\u8fd8\u4f9d\u8d56 RTS\/DTR \u7b49\u6d41\u63a7\u4fe1\u53f7\uff0c\u63a5\u7535\u8111\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u63a5\u5c4f\uff08\u53ea\u6709 RX\/TX\/GND\uff09\u5c31\u6302\u4e86\u3002\u67e5\u8bbe\u5907\u624b\u518c\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u5f15\u811a\u5b9a\u4e49\u2014\u2014\u5982\u679c\u9664\u4e86 RX\/TX\/GND \u4e4b\u5916\u8fd8\u6709 RTS\/CTS\/DTR\/DSR \u7b49\u9700\u8981\u77ed\u63a5\u7684\u5f15\u811a\uff0c\u4f60\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5c4f\u8fd9\u8fb9\u5904\u7406\u597d\u3002\n\n- **\u5c4f\u7aef\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u53c2\u6570\u548c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0d\u7b26\u3002** \u4e00\u4e9b HMI \u7ec4\u6001\u8f6f\u4ef6\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u8bbe\u7f6e\u9879\u5f88\u6df1\uff08\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u53c2\u6570-\u901a\u4fe1-\u7aef\u53e3\u914d\u7f6e\u91cc\uff09\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u5728\u5de5\u7a0b\u4e3b\u754c\u9762\u3002\n\n- **\u7535\u8111\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u52a9\u624b\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u3002** \u67d0\u4e9b\u4e0a\u4f4d\u673a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4f1a\u5148\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u53c2\u6570\u53d1\u5e27\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u5907\u6ca1\u56de\u5e94\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u6362\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u91cd\u53d1\u2014\u2014\u7528\u6237\u611f\u89c9\u300c\u81ea\u52a8\u8fde\u4e0a\u4e86\u300d\u3002\u4f46\u5c4f\u7aef\u4e0d\u4f1a\u505a\u8fd9\u79cd\u81ea\u9002\u5e94\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4eba\u5de5\u914d\u5bf9\u53c2\u6570\u3002\n\n### \u573a\u666f\u4e8c\uff1aRS-485 \u603b\u7ebf\u4e0a\u5076\u5c14\u80fd\u8bfb\u5230\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5076\u5c14 CRC \u9519\u8bef\n\n\u51e0\u4e2a\u53ef\u80fd\uff1a\n\n- **\u504f\u7f6e\u7535\u963b\u7f3a\u5931\u6216\u9009\u503c\u4e0d\u5f53\u3002** \u603b\u7ebf\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u7535\u538b\u98d8\u5728 0V \u9644\u8fd1\uff0c\u63a5\u6536\u5668\u8f93\u51fa\u632f\u8361\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\u88ab\u8bef\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u3002\u7528\u4e07\u7528\u8868\u6d4b\u603b\u7ebf\u7a7a\u95f2\u65f6\u7684 A\/B \u7535\u538b\u5dee\uff0c< 200mV \u5c31\u8bf4\u660e\u9700\u8981\u504f\u7f6e\u3002- **\u603b\u7ebf\u4e0a\u4e00\u7aef\u63a5\u4e86\u7ec8\u7aef\u7535\u963b\u53e6\u4e00\u7aef\u6ca1\u63a5\u3002** \u4fe1\u53f7\u4ece\u6ca1\u63a5\u7684\u4e00\u7aef\u53cd\u5c04\u56de\u6765\uff0c\u5728\u7279\u5b9a\u6bd4\u7279\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e0a\u4ea7\u751f\u78b0\u649e\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u5bb9\u6613\u51fa\u5728\u300c\u6ce2\u7279\u7387 19200\/\u603b\u7ebf>50 \u7c73\u300d\u8fd9\u79cd\u573a\u666f\u3002- **\u661f\u5f62\u62d3\u6251\u3002** RS-485 \u7684\u652f\u7ebf\u957f\u5ea6\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u8981\u6c42\u2014\u2014\u53cd\u5c04\u4e34\u754c\u957f\u5ea6 \u2248 t_rise * \u5149\u901f\u5728\u7535\u7f06\u4e2d\u7684\u901f\u5ea6 \/ 2\u3002\u5982\u679c t_rise \u7ea6 10ns\uff0c\u4e34\u754c\u957f\u5ea6\u7ea6 1 \u7c73\u3002\u8d85\u8fc7 1 \u7c73\u7684\u652f\u7ebf\u5c31\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u53cd\u5c04\u3002\u628a\u661f\u5f62\u6539\u6210\u83ca\u82b1\u94fe\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a RS-485 \u96c6\u7ebf\u5668\u3002\n\n### \u573a\u666f\u4e09\uff1a\u964d\u4f4e\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u5c31\u80fd\u901a\uff0c\u9ad8\u4e86\u5c31\u4e0d\u884c\n\n\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u901a\u5e38\u662f**\u7535\u7f06\u8d28\u91cf**\u6216\u8005**\u8ddd\u79bb**\u8d85\u6807\u3002RS-485 \u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u548c\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u662f\u53cd\u6bd4\u7684\u2014\u2014\u6807\u51c6\u4e0a 9600bps \u80fd\u5230 1200 \u7c73\uff0c19200 \u5927\u6982\u5230 600 \u7c73\uff0c115200 \u57fa\u672c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728 100 \u7c73\u4ee5\u5185\u3002\n\n\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u6709\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56e0\u7d20\u4e5f\u4f1a\u628a\u9ad8\u901f\u7387\u6740\u6b7b\uff1a\n\n- \u7535\u7f06\u7279\u5f81\u963b\u6297\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff08RS-485 \u8981\u6c42 120\u03a9 \u7279\u5f81\u963b\u6297\u7684\u7535\u7f06\uff0c\u4f60\u7528 100\u03a9 \u963b\u6297\u7684\u7535\u7ebf\u5c31\u4f1a\u5728\u9ad8\u901f\u7387\u65f6\u4ea7\u751f\u53cd\u5c04\uff09- \u7ec8\u7aef\u7535\u963b\u6ca1\u6709\u63a5\u6216\u963b\u503c\u4e0d\u5bf9- \u603b\u7ebf\u4e0a\u67d0\u4e2a\u8282\u70b9\u7684\u9a71\u52a8\u82af\u7247\u8f93\u51fa\u7535\u5bb9\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u7ed9\u603b\u7ebf\u7684\u5bb9\u6027\u8d1f\u8f7d\u592a\u5927\n\n**\u8bca\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5**\uff1a\u7528\u793a\u6ce2\u5668\u6bd4\u8f83 9600bps \u548c 115200bps \u65f6\u7684 A-B \u5dee\u5206\u6ce2\u5f62\u3002\u5982\u679c 115200bps \u65f6\u7684\u65b9\u6ce2\u8fb9\u6cbf\u6709\u660e\u663e\u8fc7\u51b2\u6216\u8005\u51fa\u73b0\u9636\u68af\u72b6\uff08\u4e0d\u662f\u5e72\u51c0\u5730\u4ece\u9ad8\u8df3\u5230\u4f4e\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u4fe1\u53f7\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u3002\n\n### \u573a\u666f\u56db\uff1aUSB \u8f6c TTL \u6a21\u5757 TX\/RX \u77ed\u63a5\u81ea\u6d4b\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u4f46\u8fde\u8bbe\u5907\u5c31\u662f\u6ca1\u53cd\u5e94\n\n\u68c0\u67e5\u4e09\u4e2a\uff1a\n\n- **GND\u3002** \u4f60\u77ed\u63a5\u81ea\u6d4b\u65f6\u4e0d\u9700\u8981 GND\uff0c\u4f46\u548c\u8bbe\u5907\u901a\u4fe1\u5fc5\u987b\u6709 GND\u3002- **\u53cc\u65b9\u7684\u7535\u5e73\u6807\u51c6\u3002** USB \u8f6c TTL \u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u662f TTL \u7535\u5e73\uff080V\/3.3V \u6216 0V\/5V\uff09\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u63a5\u7684\u662f RS-232 \u63a5\u53e3\u7684\u8bbe\u5907\uff08\u00b112V\uff09\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u63a5\u4e0a\u53bb\u4fe1\u53f7\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u524a\u5cf0\u3002\u786e\u8ba4\u8bbe\u5907\u7aef\u5230\u5e95\u662f TTL\u3001RS-232\u3001\u8fd8\u662f RS-485 \u7535\u5e73\u3002- **\u8bbe\u5907\u662f\u5426\u5904\u4e8e\u900f\u4f20\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002** \u6709\u4e9b 4G DTU \u6216 WiFi \u6a21\u5757\u5728\u4e0a\u7535\u540e\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8fdb\u5165 AT \u6307\u4ee4\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u53d1 `+++` \u9000\u51fa\u900f\u4f20\u6216\u8005\u53d1\u7279\u5b9a\u6307\u4ee4\u8fdb\u5165\u6570\u636e\u900f\u660e\u4f20\u8f93\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u4e0d\u786e\u8ba4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u72b6\u6001\u76f4\u63a5\u53d1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6a21\u5757\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u7406\u4f60\u3002\n\n### \u573a\u666f\u4e94\uff1aRS-485 \u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u7ad9\n\n\u4e0d\u80fd\u3002RS-485 \u662f\u534a\u53cc\u5de5\u901a\u4fe1\uff0c\u603b\u7ebf\u4e0a\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u53ea\u80fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53d1\u9001\u5668\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e3b\u7ad9\u540c\u65f6\u53d1\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u7535\u6d41\u51b2\u7a81\u2014\u2014\u4e24\u4e2a\u9a71\u52a8\u82af\u7247\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\u7535\u963b\u4e24\u7aef\u77ac\u95f4\u7535\u6d41\u8fc7\u5927\uff0c\u8fd0\u6c14\u597d\u7684\u89e6\u53d1\u77ed\u8def\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u8fd0\u6c14\u4e0d\u597d\u70e7\u82af\u7247\u3002\n\n\u5982\u679c\u786e\u5b9e\u9700\u8981\u591a\u4e3b\u7ad9\u2014\u2014\u6362 CAN \u603b\u7ebf\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u4e0a\u9762\u8dd1 Modbus TCP \u8d70\u4ee5\u592a\u7f51\u3002\n\n## \u4e03\u3001\u6392\u67e5\u5de5\u5177\u94fe\n\n### 7.1 \u4e07\u7528\u8868\n\n\u4e32\u53e3\u6392\u969c\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5de5\u5177\u3002\u80fd\u505a\u7684\u4e8b\uff1a\u786e\u8ba4\u63a5\u7ebf\u901a\u65ad\uff08\u8702\u9e23\u6863\uff09\u3001\u786e\u8ba4 GND \u95f4\u7535\u4f4d\u5dee\uff08DC \u7535\u538b\u6863\uff09\u3001\u786e\u8ba4 RS-485 \u603b\u7ebf\u7a7a\u95f2\u7535\u5e73\uff08DC \u6863\u6d4b A-B \u7535\u538b\uff09\u3002\n\n### 7.2 USB \u8f6c\u4e32\u53e3\u6a21\u5757\u81ea\u6d4b\n\nTX \u548c RX \u77ed\u63a5\u81ea\u6d4b\u662f\u57fa\u672c\u529f\u3002\u4f46\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7528**\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f**\u2014\u2014ASCII \u6a21\u5f0f\u4f1a\u9690\u85cf\u63a7\u5236\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\n\n### 7.3 \u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4eea\n\n\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u662f\u4e32\u53e3\u901a\u4fe1\u8c03\u8bd5\u7684\u7ec8\u6781\u6b66\u5668\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u56fd\u4ea7\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4eea\uff08\u5982 Saleae \u7684\u514b\u9686\u7248\u3001Kingst LA1010\uff09\u5df2\u7ecf\u975e\u5e38\u4fbf\u5b9c\u4e86\u2014\u2014200 \u5757\u4e0d\u5230\u5c31\u80fd\u4e70\u5230\u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u6790 UART\/SPI\/I2C \u534f\u8bae\u7684\u578b\u53f7\u3002\n\n\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u628a\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u7684 CH0 \u63a5 TX\u3001CH1 \u63a5 RX\u3001GND \u63a5\u8bbe\u5907 GND\u3002\u8bbe\u597d\u534f\u8bae\u89e3\u6790\u4e3a UART\uff0c\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\u7b49\u53c2\u6570\u8bbe\u5bf9\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u770b\u53d1\u9001\u548c\u63a5\u6536\u7684\u6570\u636e\u662f\u5426\u548c\u9884\u671f\u4e00\u81f4\u3002\n\n**\u5173\u952e\u5206\u6790\u6280\u5de7**\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u89e3\u6790\u51fa\u7684\u6570\u636e\u6bd4\u4e32\u53e3\u52a9\u624b\u663e\u793a\u7684\u591a\u51e0\u4e2a\u5b57\u8282\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u672b\u5c3e\u591a\u4e86 0x00\uff09\uff0c\u8bf4\u660e\u4f60\u7684\u4e32\u53e3\u52a9\u624b\u5728 ASCII \u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0b\u5217\u663e\u793a\u4e86\u4e0d\u53ef\u89c1\u5b57\u7b26\u3002\u5207\u6210\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u6a21\u5f0f\u786e\u8ba4\u3002\n\n### 7.4 \u793a\u6ce2\u5668\n\n\u5f53\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u53ea\u80fd\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u300c\u6570\u636e\u9519\u4e86\u300d\u4f46\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u300c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9519\u4e86\u300d\u65f6\uff0c\u793a\u6ce2\u5668\u4e0a\u573a\u3002\u770b\u4fe1\u53f7\u7684\u4e0a\u5347\/\u4e0b\u964d\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u8fc7\u51b2\u3001\u632f\u94c3\u3001\u5e45\u503c\u8870\u51cf\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u5f71\u54cd\u901a\u4fe1\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u7535\u6c14\u6307\u6807\u3002\n\n## \u516b\u3001\u6392\u67e5\u6e05\u5355\u901f\u67e5\u8868\n\n\u6392\u67e5\u6b65\u9aa4\u68c0\u67e5\u5185\u5bb9\u5de5\u5177\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u5fd71USB \u8f6c\u4e32\u53e3\u6a21\u5757\u81ea\u6d4b\u675c\u90a6\u7ebf + \u4e32\u53e3\u52a9\u624bTX\/RX \u77ed\u63a5\u540e\u5341\u516d\u8fdb\u5236\u56de\u73af\u4e00\u81f42\u5171\u5730\u4e07\u7528\u8868\u8702\u9e23\u6863\u4e24\u7aef GND \u5bfc\u901a3GND \u7535\u4f4d\u5dee\u4e07\u7528\u8868 DC \u6863\u4e24\u7aef GND \u7535\u538b\u5dee < 2V4RX\/TX \u63a5\u7ebf\u65b9\u5411\u4e07\u7528\u8868 DC \u6863TX \u6709\u8d1f\u7535\u538b\uff08RS-232\uff09\uff0cRX \u9ad8\u963b\u60015RS-485 A\/B \u6781\u6027\u82af\u7247\u624b\u518c\u5bf9\u7167\u540c\u76f8\u7aef\u63a5\u540c\u76f8\u7aef6\u603b\u7ebf\u7a7a\u95f2\u7535\u5e73\u4e07\u7528\u8868 DC \u6863RS-485 A-B \u7a7a\u95f2\u7535\u538b \u2265 200mV7\u7ec8\u7aef\u7535\u963b\u4e07\u7528\u8868\u7535\u963b\u6863\u603b\u7ebf\u4e24\u7aef\u5404 120\u03a9\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u4e2d\u95f4\u8282\u70b9\u51fa\u73b08\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\/\u6570\u636e\u4f4d\/\u505c\u6b62\u4f4d\/\u6821\u9a8c\u4f4d\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u4eea\u5b9e\u6d4b\u4f4d\u5bbd = 1\/\u6ce2\u7279\u7387\uff0c\u5e27\u7ed3\u6784\u4e00\u81f49\u6ce2\u5f62\u8d28\u91cf\u793a\u6ce2\u5668\u65b9\u6ce2\u8fb9\u6cbf\u5e72\u51c0\u3001\u5e45\u503c\u5145\u8db3\u3001\u65e0\u8fc7\u51b2\u632f\u836110\u8bbe\u5907\u6a21\u5f0f\u8bbe\u5907\u624b\u518c\u4e0d\u5728\u900f\u4f20\/AT\/\u4f11\u7720\u7b49\u7279\u6b8a\u6a21\u5f0f\n\n\u6309\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8868\u4ece\u4e0a\u5f80\u4e0b\u67e5\uff0c\u4e0d\u5230\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b65\u522b\u8df3\u3002\u4e32\u53e3\u6392\u969c\u6700\u5fcc\u8bb3\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u6211\u89c9\u5f97\u63a5\u7ebf\u80af\u5b9a\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\u300d\u7136\u540e\u76f4\u63a5\u8df3\u5230\u7b2c\u4e94\u6b65\u2014\u201499% \u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4f60\u5c31\u662f\u5361\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u4e0a\u3002\n\n\u6709\u95ee\u9898\u518d\u804a\u3002\u4e32\u53e3\u8fd9\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u67e5\u5230\u6700\u540e\u57fa\u672c\u5c31\u4e24\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\uff1a\u8981\u4e48\u5c11\u63a5\u4e86\u4e00\u6839\u7ebf\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u591a\u63a5\u4e86\u4e00\u6839\u7ebf\u3002\n\n---\n*modbus.cn*\n"